Investment Questions
Do the Funds invest in foreign stocks?
A small percentage of each stock fund may be invested in foreign securities.
However, we rarely buy foreign stocks because they generally fall outside our
"circle of competence." Differences in language, accounting standards, culture,
and unfamiliarity with foreign economies and business practices place us at a
disadvantage to others who have more experience in foreign markets.
May the Funds invest in options, futures and illiquid securities? May they borrow money to leverage their investment? May they sell short?
Our five stock funds are allowed considerable
investment flexibility, and each fund is bound by a slightly different set of
investment restrictions. The Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information for the
funds describe these restrictions and risks relating to each fund. However, we
can make a few generalizations:
Put and Call
Options. We are allowed to buy and sell options in all of the
stock funds. As a practical matter, we have sold (written) puts and/or calls in
each of the funds but we generally do not buy puts and calls. Writing covered
options is generally considered more conservative than buying options, but
writing is not risk-free.
Futures. We generally
do not buy or sell futures.
Illiquid
Securities. The vast majority of the securities we buy are traded
on an organized stock exchange or an established over-the-counter market and are
considered "liquid" securities. Occasionally, we may buy a private placement of
stock that is not immediately marketable, shares of a public company that are
temporarily restricted from open market trading, or shares that are so
inactively traded that there is no publicly available market price that can be
used to value the security position on a day-to-day basis. In these cases, a
special pricing committee determines a price that is used to value the
securities for purposes of calculating net asset value of the fund each day. In
the aggregate, illiquid securities may not make up more than 15% of any fund's
portfolio.
Margin Borrowing. The Partners III
Opportunity Fund is the only fund that currently may borrow to leverage its
portfolio.
Selling Short. Short selling
involves selling borrowed securities in the hope or expectation of replacing
them at a lower cost in the future. Short sales may be used conservatively, as
when we try to lock in the takeover premium in a stock-for-stock merger. Short
sales may also be used more aggressively to try to profit from an expected
decline in the price of a specific security. Although each stock fund is allowed
to sell securities short, all of the funds except Partners III have historically
limited themselves to the more conservative uses of short sales. Partners III,
however, sells short seeking to profit from security price decline. This type of
short sale may involve more risk than shorts used for hedging or arbitrage
purposes.
Each of the funds has a different set of investment objectives
and a different risk profile. Thus, each fund will approach each of these
investments or investment techniques differently. Investors should read our
answer to the FAQ "What are the
differences among the stock funds?" and the funds' Prospectus to gain a better
understanding of what to expect from each fund.
What is The Weitz Funds' position on socially responsible investing?
At The Weitz Funds, we don’t describe our funds as explicitly "socially responsible" but all of our analysts and portfolio managers are sensitive to the impacts that our companies have on their employees and the rest of society. Aside from our preference to own and be associated with companies and managements we admire and which make a positive difference in the world, companies that have integrity problems usually make bad investments.
Wal-Mart has been criticized for certain labor practices, for the pressure it exerts on suppliers to obtain favorable pricing, and for the impact it has on smaller competitors. Gambling can be criticized as a regressive tax on the poor. Many investors are concerned with alcohol, production of weapons (especially nuclear), withholding of care by managed care companies, hospitals in which abortions are performed, etc. I have a personal aversion to tobacco companies and certain types of lending businesses. These are all difficult issues.
As a trustee of the Presbyterian Foundation (charged with management of the church’s endowment funds) during the 1980’s, we wrestled with the practical issues of devising social responsibility screens to help our managers avoid owning stock in companies whose conduct or products were objectionable to our constituency. Agreeing on criteria and monitoring compliance were very difficult. Very few companies are completely above reproach in all respects. At
The Weitz Funds, we don’t ignore these issues in managing our funds, but our primary emphasis is on earning good returns for our investors.
What are the appropriate stock market indices or "benchmarks" one should use to evaluate the investment results of The Weitz Funds?
Many investors like to own funds that focus their
investments on companies of a certain size (e.g. small-, medium-, or
large-capitalization stocks) or whose stocks are statistically cheap ("value")
or expensive ("growth") based on price-to-earnings, price-to-sales, or
price-to-book value ratios. In evaluating these funds' performance, they compare
the funds' investment results to market indices designed to track these sub-
sectors of the stock market. Thus, performance of a "small-cap growth" fund can
be compared to a "small-cap growth" index. This can be a useful way to measure a
manager's performance within his own conventionally-defined investment universe,
if the manager undertakes to invest only in stocks within that
universe.
We are strong believers that investors should
focus their investments within what Warren Buffett calls their
"circle of competence." However, we believe that a
fund manager's expertise is more likely to center on certain industries or types
of businesses (manufacturing, services, technology, etc.) than on companies that
fit a certain size or statistical valuation profile. The collective circle of
competence of our analysts and portfolio managers is certainly not
all-inclusive, but we believe it does include some small, some medium, and some
large companies as well as some statistically cheap and other statistically
expensive stocks. We believe investors should applaud managers who are flexible
enough to invest in multiple sub-sectors or "style boxes" but who are
disciplined (and discerning) enough to invest only in those businesses they
understand.
But (you say) I believe
in, and/or my clients expect me to invest in, a portfolio of funds, each of
which specializes in a separate Morningstar or Lipper
category.
Diversification among portfolio managers and
investment "styles" dampens volatility and reduces the probability of
significant under-performance, but we believe that in today's investment world,
the "styles" are defined too mechanically. Assigning each manager a discrete
"style box" in a two-dimensional matrix overlooks the reality that managers'
circles of competence are of different sizes and shapes and they overlap in
non-quantifiable ways. This is not to say that managers should not be held
accountable for performance, but that investors (clients) should use benchmarks
that, more or less, coincide with the managers' expertise.
We favor
service businesses over manufacturers. We feel more competent to invest in
financial and media stocks than rapidly changing businesses like computer
technology. We tend to avoid capital-intensive commodity businesses. As
individuals and as an investment team, we are always trying to learn and expand
our circle, but it is certainly finite. It also does not fit neatly into one of
the currently fashionable categories. So, we would suggest that we be held to
the standard of all U.S. stocks— S&P 500, Wilshire 5000, Russell 3000, or
whatever broad index one prefers. We are required to select one index for
regulatory reporting purposes, and that choice is the S&P 500. In our
reports to shareholders, we also include comparisons to other indices such as
the Russell 2000 (small companies) and Nasdaq Composite (a proxy for technology
companies) because some shareholders find these comparisons interesting. We have
found that each sector tends to take its turn as the popular, over-achieving
group, but that if we can out-perform each of them over 10, 20 or more years
(and we have), we have done a good job.
Until the day when the
"go-anywhere" fund becomes a more widely recognized category for investment,
consultants and advisors will have a difficult time with our Funds. We apologize
for the headaches we cause on this score, but we believe we need to be faithful
to our investment philosophy.
Click here for performance information.
What is The Weitz Funds' proxy voting policy?
The Weitz Funds have delegated proxy voting decisions on securities held in each Fund’s portfolio to its investment adviser, Wallace R. Weitz & Company ("Weitz & Co."). Weitz & Co. has adopted Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures ("Proxy Voting Policies") that provide that proxies on portfolio securities will be voted for the exclusive benefit, and in the best economic interest of the Funds’ shareholders, as determined by Weitz & Co. in good faith, subject to any restrictions or directions of a Fund. Such voting responsibilities will be exercised in a manner that is consistent with the general antifraud provisions of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as well as Weitz & Co.’s fiduciary duties under federal and state law to act in the best interest of its clients. The Board of Trustees of the Funds has approved the Proxy Voting Policies.
On certain routine proposals (such as those which do not change the structures, bylaws or operations of a company), Weitz & Co. will generally vote in the manner recommended by management. Non-routine proposals (such as those affecting corporate governance, compensation and other corporate events) and shareholder proposals will generally be reviewed on a case-by-case basis. An investment analyst/portfolio manager will review each such proposal and decide how the proxy will be voted. With respect to all non-routine proposals and shareholder proposals, if a decision is made to consider voting in a manner other than that recommended by management, the analyst/portfolio manager will make a recommendation to a committee comprised of all investment analysts and portfolio managers (the "Proxy Voting Committee") as to how to vote the proxy and the Proxy Voting Committee will make the final determination as to how to vote the proxy in the best economic interests of the client.
In certain circumstances where, for example, restrictions on ownership of a particular security beyond the control of Weitz & Co. make it impossible for Weitz & Co. to acquire as large a position in that security as it determines is in the best interests of its clients, Weitz & Co. may, from time to time, enter into a voting agreement with an issuer of securities held in the account of a client which provides that the issuer will vote certain of the issuer’s proxies. Weitz & Co. will enter into such voting agreements only when it determines that it is in the best interests of the client to do so. Any such voting agreement will provide that any shares subject to the agreement be voted by the issuer in a manner that mirrors the votes cast on such matter by all other shareholders.
If Weitz & Co. determines that voting a particular proxy would create a conflict of interest between the interests of a Fund and its shareholders on the one hand, and Weitz & Co.’s own interests, the interests of the Funds’ distributor, or the interests of an affiliated person of the Funds, Weitz & Co., or the Funds’ distributor on the other hand, Weitz & Co. will either (i) disclose such conflict of interest to the Corporate Governance Committee of the Board of Trustees and obtain the consent of the committee before voting the proxy; (ii) vote such proxy based upon the recommendations of an independent third party such as a proxy voting service; or (iii) delegate the responsibility for voting the particular proxy to the Corporate Governance Committee of the Board of Trustees.